Somalia

Federal Republic of Somalia Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya  (Somali) جمهورية الصومال الفيدرالية  (Arabic)
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: Qolobaa Calankeed
Area controlled by Somalia shown in dark green; claimed but uncontrolled region (Somaliland) shown in light green
Capital and largest city	Mogadishu 2°2′N 45°21′E / 2.033°N 45.350°E / 2.033; 45.350
Official languages	Somali
Recognised national languages	Arabic, English
Other languages	Italian
Religion	Islam
Demonym(s)	Somali
Government	Federal parliamentary republic under a totalitarian dictatorship
• President	Hassan Mohamud
• Prime Minister	Mohamed Hussein Roble
Legislature	Federal Parliament
Formation
• Land of Punt	25th century BC
• Macrobian Kingdom	247 BC
• Somali city-states	1st century
• Sultanate of Mogadishu	9th century
• Ajuran Empire	13th century
• Adal Sultanate	13th century
• Warsangali Sultanate	13th century
• Sultanate of the Geledi	17th century
• Majeerteen Sultanate	18th century
• Sultanate of Hobyo	19th century
• British Somaliland	1884
• Italian Somaliland	1889
Area
• Total	637,657 km2 (246,201 sq mi) (43rd)
Population
• 2021 estimate	17,065,581[1][2] (76th)
• Density	19.31[3]/km2 (50.0/sq mi) (199th)
GDP (PPP)	2017 estimate
• Total	$17.47 billion (147th)
• Per capita	N/A
GDP (nominal)	2014 estimate
• Total	$5.8 billion[4]
• Per capita	$300–600[4]
Currency	Somali shilling (SOS)
Time zone	UTC+3 (EAT)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy
Driving side	right
Calling code	+252
ISO 3166 code	SO
Internet TLD	.so
A map of Somalia regions

Somalia (Somali: Soomaaliya; Arabic: الصومال), officially called the Federal Republic of Somalia (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya; Arabic: جمهورية الصومال), is a country located on the Horn of Africa. It used to be known as the Somali Republic.

It is bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya with Yemen to the north, the Guardafui Channel and Somali Sea to the east, and Ethiopia to the west. It has a hot, dry climate. A person from Somalia is called a Somali.

1. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
2. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX). population.un.org ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
3. ↑ "UNFPA Somali Population Survey 2014" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-10-03.. Somalia.unfpa.org (06 April 2014). Retrieved 06 October 2016.
4. ↑ ^{4.0 4.1} "Somalia humanitarian and development statistics" (PDF). United Nations. 1 July 2014. Retrieved 20 June 2016.