Time crystal

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A time crystal is a quantum system that has repeating periodic oscillations of one or more physical measurements in its ground state when seen over time.

Just as an ordinary crystal is seen to have its atoms arranged in repeating patterns in space, so a time crystal has a repeating patterns that occur over time. ^{[1] [2]}

In 2012, the American Nobel Prize winner Frank Wilczek proposed the concept of a time crystal.

In 2017 the atomic physicist Chris Monroe and his group found evidence of oscillations in optically excited chains of ytterbium ions with the behavior predicted for time crystals but not in the same way theorized in 2012.

In 2021, "for the first time, physicists have filmed the oscillation of a time crystal", media said.^[3]

In early 2024, The Technical University of Dortmund said that they had made a time crystal that lasted forty minutes.^[4]

In terms of practical use, time crystals may one day be used as quantum memories. ^[5]

The term "time crystal" has also been used in science fiction to refer to various unrelated fictional devices.

1. ↑ "Physics - Viewpoint: Crystals of Time". archive.ph. 2017-02-02. Archived from the original on 2017-02-02. Retrieved 2021-05-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
2. ↑ Richerme, Phil (2017-01-18). "How to Create a Time Crystal". Physics. 10: 5. Bibcode:2017PhyOJ..10....5R. doi:10.1103/Physics.10.5.
3. ↑ https://www.sciencealert.com/watch-the-first-ever-video-of-a-time-crystal-oscillating. Retrieved 11 October 2021
4. ↑ "Scientists Built a Time Crystal That Lasted for 40 Minutes. That's Astonishing". Popular Mechanics. 2024-02-24. Retrieved 2024-02-24.
5. ↑ "Physicists Create World's First Time Crystal". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved 2021-05-29.