Back حروب الاستقلال الإسكتلندية Arabic Guerra de la Independència d'Escòcia Catalan Rhyfeloedd dros annibyniaeth yr Alban Welsh De skotske uafhængighedskrige Danish Schottische Unabhängigkeitskriege German Wars of Scottish Independence English Guerras de independencia de Escocia Spanish Eskoziako Independentzia Gerrak Basque جنگهای استقلال اسکاتلند Persian Guerres d'indépendance de l'Écosse French
The Wars of Scottish Independence were a series of military campaigns fought between Scotland and England in the late 13th and early 14th centuries.
The First War (1296–1328) began with the English invasion of Scotland in 1296, and ended with the signing of the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton in 1328. The Second War (1332–1357) began with the English-supported invasion of Edward Balliol and the 'Disinherited' in 1332, and ended around 1357 with the signing of the Treaty of Berwick.
The wars were part of a great national crisis for Scotland and the period became one of the most important moments in the nation's history. At the end of both wars, Scotland still was a free and independent nation, which was her main aim throughout the conflict. The wars were also important for other reasons, such as the emergence of the longbow as a key weapon in mediaeval warfare.