Back Water (molekuul) Afrikaans خصائص الماء Arabic জলের বৈশিষ্ট্য Bengali/Bangla Propietats de l'aigua Catalan Eigenschaften des Wassers German Properties of water English Ecoj de la akvo Esperanto Molécula de agua Spanish ویژگیهای آب Persian Molécule d'eau French
| Water (H2O) | |
|---|---|
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| |
| General | |
| Systematic name | Water |
| Other names | Aqua Hydrogen oxide Hydrogen hydroxide Hydrate Oxidane Hydric acid Dihydrogen monoxide Hydrohydroxic acid μ-Oxido dihydrogen |
| Molecular formula | HOH or H2O |
| Molar mass | 18.01524 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | transparent, almost colorless liquid with a slight hint of blue[1] |
| CAS number | [7732-18-5] |
| see also | Water (data page) |
| Properties | |
| Density and phase | 1000 kg·m−3, liquid (4 °C) 917 kg·m−3, solid |
| Melting point | 0 °C, 32 °F (273.15 K)[2] |
| Boiling point | 100 °C, 212 °F (373.15 K)[2] |
| Triple point | 273.16 K, 611.73 Pa |
| Critical point | 647 K, 22.1 MPa |
| Specific heat capacity (gas) |
cp=1970 J·kg−1·K−1 @ 300 K cv=1510 J·kg−1·K−1 @ 300 K[3] |
| Specific heat capacity (liquid) |
4186 J·kg−1·K−1 |
| Specific heat capacity (solid) |
2060 J·kg−1·K−1 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 15.74 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 15.74 |
| Viscosity | 0.001 Pa·s at 20 °C |
| Surface Tension at 20 °C | 7.28 N·m−1 |
| Structure | |
| Molecular shape | non-linear bent |
| Crystal structure | Hexagonal See ice |
| Dipole moment | 1.85 D |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | External MSDS |
| Main hazards | Drowning |
| NFPA 704 |
0
0
0
|
| RTECS number | ZC0110000 |
| Supplementary data page | |
| Structure and properties |
n, εr, etc. |
| Thermodynamic data |
Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas |
| Spectral data | UV, IR, NMR, MS |
| Related compounds | |
| Related solvents | acetone methanol |
| Related compounds | water vapor ice heavy water |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references | |
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Water (H2O, HOH) covers 70-75% of the Earth's surface in its liquid and solid (ice) states, and is present in the atmosphere as a vapor. It is the most abundant molecule on the Earth's surface.[4]
At room temperature, it is a nearly colorless, flavorless, and odorless liquid. Many substances dissolve in water and it is commonly seen as the universal solvent; because of this, water in nature and in use is rarely clean, and may have some properties different than those in the laboratory. But there are many compounds that are essentially, if not completely, insoluble in water. Water is the only common, pure substance found naturally in all three states of matter—for other substances, see Chemical properties.
Pure water is tasteless. It is the other chemicals in the water which may give water a flavour.
- ↑ Braun C.L & Smitnov S.N. 1993. Why is water blue? J. Chem Ed. 70, 612. [1] Archived 2019-05-25 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW), used for calibration, melts at 273.1500089(10) K (0.000089(10) °C, and boils at 373.1339 K (99.9839 °C)
- ↑ Serway, Raymond A. Physics for scientists and engineers, 3rd edition
- ↑ Water chemistry [2] Archived 2011-10-21 at the Wayback Machine