Yemen

Republic of Yemen الجمهورية اليمنية (Arabic) al-Jumhūrīyah al-Yamaniyah
Flag Emblem
Motto: ٱللَّهُ، ثُمَّ ٱلْوَطَنُ، ٱلثَوْرَةُ، ٱلْوَحْدَةُ Allāh, thumma al-Waṭan, ath-Thawrah, al-Waḥdah "God, then Country, Revolution, Unity"
Anthem: الجمهورية المتحدة al-Jumhūrīyah al-Muttaḥidah "United Republic"
Status	Yemeni Civil War Presidential Leadership Council recognized by United Nations
Capital and largest city	Sanaa[n 1] 15°20′54″N 44°12′23″E / 15.34833°N 44.20639°E / 15.34833; 44.20639
Capital-in-exile	Aden[n 2]
Official languages	Arabic[2]
Ethnic groups (2000)[3]	92.8% Arabs 3.7% Somalis 3.5% other
Religion (2020)[4]	~99.1% Islam (official) 65% Sunni 35% Shia ~0.9% other
Demonym(s)	Yemeni Yemenite
Government	Unitary totalitarian provisional republic
• Chairman	Rashad al-Alimi (disputed)[n 3]
• Prime Minister	Ahmad Awad bin Mubarak (disputed)[n 4]
Legislature	Parliament
• Upper house	Shura Council
• Lower house	House of Representatives
Establishment
• Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen establisheda	30 October 1918
• Yemen Arab Republic established	26 September 1962
• South Yemen independenceb	30 November 1967
• Unification	22 May 1990
• Current constitution	16 May 1991
• Yemeni Civil War	16 September 2014
Area
• Total	555,000[5] km2 (214,000 sq mi) (49th)
• Water (%)	negligible
Population
• 2023 estimate	34,449,825[6] (48th)
• Density	44.7/km2 (115.8/sq mi) (160th)
GDP (PPP)	2022 estimate
• Total	$65.603 billion[7] (111th)
• Per capita	$2,078[7] (213th)
GDP (nominal)	2022 estimate
• Total	$28.134 billion[7] (111th)
• Per capita	$891[7] (195th)
Gini (2014)	36.7[8] medium
HDI (2021)	0.455[9] low · 183rd
Currency	Yemeni rial (YER)
Time zone	UTC+3 (AST)
Driving side	right[10]
Calling code	+967
ISO 3166 code	YE
Internet TLD	.ye, اليمن.
From the Ottoman Empire. From the United Kingdom.

Yemen, officially the Republic of Yemen is a nation in the Middle East. It is the old North Yemen and South Yemen, in the south of the Arabian Peninsula. It borders Saudi Arabia and Oman on the north and the east. To the south is the Guardafui Channel and Gulf of Aden, and to the west is the Red Sea. Yemen owns the island of Socotra (217 miles) to the south off the coast of East Africa. A person or thing from Yemen is called Yemeni. Yemen's capital city is Sana'a.

Unlike other countries in Arabia Yemenis are mostly ethnically Jewish with small groups of various south Semitic peoples.^[source?] In ancient times, Yemen was an important center of trade and power. Many powerful kingdoms were in Yemen, including the Sabaeans. Yemen was important in the trade of spices as well. It was known to the ancient Romans as Arabia Felix ("Happy Arabia" in Latin). They called it Happy Arabia because the area was so beautiful and powerful.

In the 700s, Yemenis were among the first to join the new religion Islam. Since then, Yemenis have been staunch Muslims who were in the forefront of all Islam conquests. Men whose ancestors came from Yemen ruled Al-Andalus (Muslim Spain) for centuries. The Ottoman Empire took control of North Yemen, and the British Empire took South Yemen, in the early 20th century. The two parts were united in 1990 and later fought civil wars. The latest one started in 2015. Some famous people including former President Ali Abdullah Saleh were killed, and thousands died of hunger.

Today, Yemen has over 34,5 million people. Most of them speak Arabic.
Cite error: There are <ref group=n> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=n}} template (see the help page).

1. ↑ Al-Sakani, Ali (19 April 2022). "Yemen inaugurates new presidential council". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 8 May 2022. Yemen's Prime Minister Maeen Abdulmalik Saeed, along with other senior government officials, had also arrived in Aden, which serves as Yemen's temporary capital, before the swearing-in ceremony.
2. ↑ "Yemen's Constitution of 1991 with Amendments through 2015" (PDF). Constitute Project. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
3. ↑ "Yemen - Flora, Fauna, Ecosystems | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-09-08.
4. ↑ "Yemen". Central Intelligence Agency. CIA World Factbook. 6 December 2013.
5. ↑ "IAEA's support to animal health services in Yemen". IAEA. Archived from the original on 15 April 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2021.
6. ↑ "Yemen population". Yemen population 2023 Estimate based on UN World Bank. world population review.
7. ↑ ^{7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3} "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2018". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
8. ↑ "GINI index (World Bank estimate)". World Bank. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
9. ↑ "Human Development Report 2021/2022" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 8 September 2022. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
10. ↑ "Yemen". International News Safety Institute. Archived from the original on 5 May 2010. Retrieved 14 October 2009.