Yodo

Yodo, ₀₀I

Yodo
Pronunciation	/ˈaɪədaɪn,_ʔdɪn,_ʔdiːn/ ​(EYE-ə-dyne-,_--din)
Appearance	makintab na metal na kulay abong solido, itim/biyoletang likido, biyoletang gas
Standard atomic weight Ar°(I)
	126.90447±0.00003 126.90±0.01 (pinaikli)[1][2]
Yodo in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson Br ↑ I ↓ At tellurium ← yodo → xenon
Group	17
Period	5
Block	p-block
Electron configuration	[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 7
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solido
Melting point	(I2) 386.85 K ​(113.7 °C, ​236.66 °F)
Boiling point	(I2) 457.4 K ​(184.3 °C, ​363.7 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	4.933 g/cm3
Triple point	386.65 K, ​12.1 kPa
Critical point	819 K, 11.7 MPa
Heat of fusion	(I2) 15.52 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	(I2) 41.57 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	(I2) 54.44 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure (rhombic) P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 260 282 309 342 381 457
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−1, +1, +2,[3] +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 (isang matapang na asidikong oksido)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.66
Ionization energies	1st: 1008.4 kJ/mol 2nd: 1845.9 kJ/mol 3rd: 3180 kJ/mol
Atomic radius	empirical: 140 pm
Covalent radius	139±3 pm
Van der Waals radius	198 pm
Mga linyang espektral ng yodo
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordiyal
Crystal structure	​base-centered orthorhombic
Thermal conductivity	0.449 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	1.3×107 Ω⋅m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic[4]
Molar magnetic susceptibility	−88.7×10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[5]
Bulk modulus	7.7 GPa
CAS Number	7553-56-2
History
Discovery and first isolation	Bernard Courtois (1811)
Isotopes of yodo t b
Template:infobox yodo isotopes does not exist
Kategorya: Yodo tingnan usapan baguhin | references

Ang yodo (Ingles: Iodine)^[6] ay isa sa mga kemikal na elemento na may atomikong bilang 53.^[7] Ito ay isang madilim na kulay abo, makintab, may pagkakristal na solido. Kapag pinainit ito ay bumubuo ng isang biyoletang singaw. Ang singaw na ito ay nakakairita at nakakalason. Ang yodo ay bahagyang matutunaw sa tubig, na magbibigay ng kulay-brown na solusyon. Mas mahusay itong natutunaw sa iba pang mga solvents tulad ng alkohol. Dalawang bahagi ng yodo na may siyamnapu't-walong parte ng alkohol ay ginagamit bilang isang malakas na antiseptiko.^[8]

Ang yodo ay nangyayari sa maraming estado ng oksihenasyon, kabilang ang iodide (I−), iodate (IO− 3), at ang iba't ibang peryodateng anion. Ito ang pinakakaunti sa mga matatag na halogen, bilang ang animnapu't isang pinaka-masaganang elemento. Bilang ang pinakamabigat na mahahalagang sustansyang mineral, ang yodo ay kinakailangan para sa sistesis ng mga hormonang tiroideo.^[9] Ang kakulangan sa yodo ay nakakaapekto sa humigit-kumulang dalawang bilyong tao at ito ang nangungunang maiiwasang sanhi ng mga kapansanan sa intelektwal.^[10]

Ang yodo ay nasa Talaan ng Mahahalagang Gamot ng World Health Organization.^[11]

1. ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Iodine" (sa wikang Ingles). CIAAW. 1985.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
2. ↑ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry (sa wikang Ingles). doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
3. ↑ I(II) is known to exist in monoxide (IO); see Nikitin, I V (31 Agosto 2008). "Halogen monoxides". Russian Chemical Reviews (sa wikang Ingles). 77 (8): 739–749. Bibcode:2008RuCRv..77..739N. doi:10.1070/RC2008v077n08ABEH003788.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
4. ↑ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.
5. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
6. ↑ https://diksiyonaryo.ph/search/yodo
7. ↑ Ferriols-Pavico, Josefina, Morales-Ramos, Anna Cherylle, Bayquen, Aristea, Silverio, Angelina, Ramos, John Donnie (2019), Exploring Life Through Science Series: The New Grade 10, Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.
8. ↑ Encyclopaedia Apollo Volume VII (1971), McGraw-Hill Far Eastern Publishers (S) Ltd.
9. ↑ "Iodine". Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis. 2015. Nakuha noong 20 Nobyembre 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
10. ↑ McNeil Jr DG (2006-12-16). "In Raising the World's I.Q., the Secret's in the Salt". The New York Times. Inarkibo mula sa orihinal noong 2010-07-12. Nakuha noong 2009-07-21.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
11. ↑ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)