Fil yili

Om al-fil (arabcha: عام الفيل ʿạm , Fil yili) islom tarixida taxminan milodiy 570-571-yillarga to'g'ri keladigan yil nomi. Islom manbalariga ko'ra, Muhammad(s.a.v) aynan shu yili tug'ilgan.^[1]Bu nom Makkada sodir bo'lgan voqeadan olingan: Habash, Aksumning nasroniy hukmdori Abraha Makkadagi Ka'baga katta qo'shin bilan yurish qildi, ular orasida jangovar fillar ham bor va uni buzish niyatida edi. Biroq, "Mahmud" nomi bilan mashhur bo'lgan fil (arabcha: مَـحْـمُـوْد , undosh harflar: m-ħ-mwd),^[2] Makka atrofidagi chegarada toʻxtab, kirishdan bosh tortgani aytiladi. Makkaning bunday muvaffaqiyatsiz bosqiniga chechak yoki Yustinian vabosi sabab bo'lgan epidemiya sabab bo'lishi mumkin, degan nazariya mavjud.^[3] Yil Fil yili deb nomlana boshladi, bu yil Arabiston yarim orolida yillarni hisoblash odatini boshladi. Bu hisob Umar (r.a.) davrida islom taqvimi bilan almashtirilgunga qadar ishlatilgan.

Janubiy Arabistondagi arxeologik topilmalar shuni ko'rsatadiki, Fil yili 569 yoki 568-yil bo'lgan bo'lishi mumkin, chunki Sosoniylar imperiyasi Yamanda 570-yillarda Aksumitlarga qarashli hukmdorlarni ag'darib tashlagan edi.^[4]^[5]

↑ Hajjah Adil, Amina, "Prophet Muhammad", ISCA, Jun 1, 2002, ISBN 1-930409-11-7
↑ ʿAbdu r-Rahmān ibn Nāsir as-Saʿdī. „Tafsir of Surah al Fil - The Elephant (Surah 105)“. Translated by Abū Rumaysah. Islamic Network. — „This elephant was called Mahmud and it was sent to Abrahah from Najashi, the king of Abyssinia, particularly for this expedition.“. 2010-yil 20-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 15-mart.
↑ Marr JS, Hubbard E, Cathey, JT (2015). „The Year of the Elephant“. WikiJournal of Medicine. 2-jild, № 1. doi:10.15347/wjm/2015.003. 2015-05-26da asl nusxadan arxivlandi.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ()

In turn citing: Willan R.. Miscellaneous works: comprising An inquiry into the antiquity of the small-pox, measles, and scarlet fever, now first published; Reports on the diseases in London, a new ed.; and detached papers on medical subjects, collected from various periodical publi. Cadell, 1821 — 488-bet.
↑ William Montgomery Watt (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 7.
↑ „Buried Christian Empire in Yemen Casts New Light on Early Islam“.

[Hajjah-1] Hajjah Adil, Amina, "Prophet Muhammad", ISCA, Jun 1, 2002, ISBN 1-930409-11-7

[2] ʿAbdu r-Rahmān ibn Nāsir as-Saʿdī. „Tafsir of Surah al Fil - The Elephant (Surah 105)“. Translated by Abū Rumaysah. Islamic Network. — „This elephant was called Mahmud and it was sent to Abrahah from Najashi, the king of Abyssinia, particularly for this expedition.“. 2010-yil 20-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 15-mart.

[3] Marr JS, Hubbard E, Cathey, JT (2015). „The Year of the Elephant“. WikiJournal of Medicine. 2-jild, № 1. doi:10.15347/wjm/2015.003. 2015-05-26da asl nusxadan arxivlandi.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ()

In turn citing: Willan R.. Miscellaneous works: comprising An inquiry into the antiquity of the small-pox, measles, and scarlet fever, now first published; Reports on the diseases in London, a new ed.; and detached papers on medical subjects, collected from various periodical publi. Cadell, 1821 — 488-bet.

[Watt-4] William Montgomery Watt (1961). Muhammad: Prophet and Statesman, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 7.

[5] „Buried Christian Empire in Yemen Casts New Light on Early Islam“.

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Fil yili

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